مقهى الحاج عليوي… آخر مقاهي “أرجيلة التتن” في الناصرية
المنصة – حيدر اليعقوبي
لم يبرح الحاج عبد الخضر الشريفي مكانه في مقهى الحاج عليوي منذ عام 1971، فهو يأتي بشكل يومي لتدخين “أرجيلة التتن” التي انقرضت في مدينة الناصرية جنوبي العراق منذ سنوات.
المقهى يقع في سوق سيد سعد الشعبية وسط الناصرية ويديره رافان كاظم عليوي، وما يزال يحتفظ بالتراث القديم ويستخدم الاريكة الخشبية إذ يجلس معظم المدخنين وهم من كبار السن الذين أدمنوا التتن في شبابهم قبل خمسين عاما.
“دخنتها في ستينيات القرن وما زلت مستمرًا على تدخينها. لكن بحكم العمر فأنا أُدخن الآن مرتين في اليوم فقط” يقول الشريفي.
الشريفي يعرف تاريخ المقهى ورواده من الألف إلى الياء، إذ يؤكد أن المقهى تم تأسيسه على يد صاحب عربة حمل يدعى ستار حسون عام 1971 حتى وفاته سنة 1978 فاشتراه بعده ملّاك عدة قبل ان يصبح ملكا لأحد روادها الأوائل وهو عليوي عبود نجم عام 1983 واحتفظ بها حتى اليوم.
تختلف أرجيلة التتن او “التبغ الخالص” عن بقية الأراجيل من حيث المكونات والتحضير، إذ يتم غسل التبغ أكثر من مرة ثم يوضع على حجر فخاري ويُمرر بداخله سيخ حديدي لإنشاء فتحة تسمح بمرور الدخان من خلالها ويوضع الفحم وهو عبارة عن خشب نبات “الغضا” لاعتقاد صاحب المقهى بأنه لا ينتج غازات سامة عند احتراقه.
في عام 1960 ترك الشريفي تدخين السيجار عندما كان عمره (18) عامًا وتوجه لتدخين الأرجيلة ويقول “لا أستطيع السفر لأكثر من يوم واحد بسبب اعتيادي عليها وهي جزء من شخصيتي”.
يصرّ الشريفي على أن التتن أفضل من السجائر وهو لا يتسبب بالأمراض التي يسببها دخان السجائر لأن النيكوتين يذوب في الماء عند غسله بينما السيجارة يدخل النيكوتين مباشرة إلى الرئتين، بل يعتقد أنها صحية وعلاج لبعض الأمراض المزمنة كتهيّج القولون بالإضافة إلى التخمة من كثرة تناول الطعام.
وتدوم مدة تدخين التتن أكثر من (45) دقيقة وتعطي كمية دخان قليلة جدًا مقارنة مع المعسل ويقول الشريفي: “دخان المعسل قاتل نظراً لدخول النكهات وعناصر كيميائية في صناعته أما التبغ فهو نباتي خالص من الشجرة إلى الأرجيلة ولا تؤثر على مدخنها إلا إذا كان مصاباً بالاحتقان أو الربو، وبعض أصدقائي ماتوا بسبب إدمانهم عليها”.
من الستينيات وحتى نهاية التسعينيات كان الشريفي يدخن يومياً عشر أراجيل في مقاهٍ عديدة بالناصرية والمسماة على أسماء مالكيها، إلا أنه في الوقت الحالي لا يتجاوز تدخينها مرتين نظرًا لتقدمه في العمر.
يدخل المقهى جميل الخزاعي وهو شرطي مرور متقاعد ويبدأ بالسلام على الشريفي ويطلب من جواد تحضير أرجيلته بعدما تناول وجبة الغداء “بعد كل وجبة طعام عليَّ أن أُدخنها فهي تشعرني بالراحة النفسية والجسدية وتمتص غضبي وتوتري مذ تركتُ المشروبات الكحولية قبل ثلاثين سنة”.
الخزاعي جرَّب تدخين التتن عام 1970 للمرة الأولى: “سحبتُ نفساً واحداً وكاد أن يُغمى عليَّ من الدوار الذي سببته لي.. وعدتُ نفسي بعدم تدخينها لكنني تراجعت عن وعدي بعد 19 سنة لأنني تركت المشروبات الكحولية”.
ينتهي جواد عبد الكاظم من تجهيز أرجيلة الخزاعي ويقدمها له مع قدح الشاي ويتكئ الأخير على الأريكة ويُخرج هاتفه الذكي ويتصفح الفيسبوك ويدخن.
يعود جواد لتجهيز اخرى فهو يعمل على هذا المنوال منذ قرابة ثلاثين عامًا ويقول انه يشتري التتن من منطقة طويريج في كربلاء حيث مزارع التبغ هناك ويقول “يحصد التبغ على ثلاث دفعات الأولى يكون دخانها حار والثانية متوسط والثالثة بارد، لكن في جميع الأحوال يتم مزجه بالملح وعسل التمر”.
ويشير إلى أن عملية مزج التبغ بالدبس والملح تتم عند الفلاحين قبل تنضيده وتعريضه لأشعة الشمس حتى الجفاف “نحن نشتريه جاهز وما علينا سوى تقطيعه وغسله بالماء عدة مرات قبل تحضيره” يضيف.
سعر تجهيز الأرجيلة الواحدة لا يتجاوز (1250) دينار أي ما يعادل دولار واحد وهو سعر يناسب كبار السن “منذ صباي وأنا أشاهد الشريفي في المقهى، هو أقدم زبون بقي على قيد الحياة” يقول جواد.
يلفّ الشريفي “القامجي” وهو أنبوب التدخين ويطلب قدح شاي آخر ويُوصل سماعات الهاتف بأُذنه ويتصفح في اليوتيوب ويستمع لأغنية الفنان حسين نعمة “بيَّن عليَّ الكُبر” وينفصل عن كل ما حوله.
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