التجنيد العسكري الإلزامي يعود إلى ساحة الجدل من جديد

26/08/2019
710 2 دقائق

المنصة – منار الزبيدي

بعد أعوام من تغيير نظام الحكم في العراق شبح التجنيد الإلزامي يعود إلى طاولة النقاش مرة أخرى اليوم فيما ينقسم العراقيون حوله بين مؤيد ومعارض.

وزارة الدفاع العراقية أعلنت في 14 آذار (مارس) 2016 عن موافقة مجلس الدفاع على مشروع قانون خدمة العلم أو ما يسمى بقانون الخدمة العسكرية الإلزامية الذي تم إعداده  بإشراف وزير الدفاع آنذاك خالد ألعبيدي،لكن القانون لم يلقَ ترحيبا من قبل لجنة الأمن والدفاع النيابية  فتم تأجيل الموضوع ليعود اليوم من جديد إلى الجدل داخل أروقة مجلس النواب ومواقع التواصل الاجتماعي.

و في  استطلاع للرأي أجراه موقع المنصة عبر فيسبوك حول التجنيد الإلزامي، لوحظ إن 65 بالمائة من المستخدمين أيدوا عودة التجنيد فيما رفض 35 بالمائة منهم.

مبررات تأديبية و اقتصادية واجتماعية تذرع بها مؤيدي عودة التجنيد الإلزامي أبرزها تعزيز الوحدة الوطنية وامتصاص البطالة ومحاربة الظواهر السلبية في المجتمع.

الشاب احمد عبد ( 39 عاما) يرى أن التجنيد الإلزامي من أسوأ الذكريات التي يمكن أن تبقى في مخيلة الشاب العراقي الذي عاش أيام التجنيد وقال “لن اسمح بأن يعاني ابني ما عانيته أنا من قبل”.

و يكمل ” في حقبة النظام السابق كان العراق دولة فيها الحساب شديد والالتزام دقيق لذلك اعتبرها من أكثر التجارب مرارة في حياتي وفي ظل التغيير بات اكثر مرارة ويقول “لم ننسَ ما حصل في قاعدة سبايكر الجوية حتى نعود لنضحي بأبنائنا مرة أخرى”.

ويرفض عبد  دعوات الآخرين إلى عودة التجنيد الإلزامي بحجة أن “الجيش مصنع الرجال وأن الرجل يتعلم الصبر والمقاومة من مرحلة التجنيد في حياته”.

ويقول أن تلك الدعوات أعذار غير صحيحة لأشخاص فشلوا في تحمل مسؤوليتهم و تربية أولادهم بشكل صحيح  فالأسرة هي من تصنع الفرد الصالح الشجاع وهي التي تزود المجتمع بالأفراد  الأسوياء وليس الجيش”.

ويتحمس الشاب علي كاظم لعودة التجنيد الالزامي وهو يعتقد ان الشباب في مرحلة التجنيد وهو سن الثامنة عشر يحتاجون الى الارشاد وتعلم الانضباط وانتشالهم من واقع البطالة التي يعانون منها لذا هو بمثابة فرصة عمل اجبارية للشباب يتعلمون فيها أشياء جديدة.

أما الناشطة في مجال حقوق الإنسان دعاء محمد فهي ترى أن “الحكومة العراقية تحاول أن تخفي فشلها في احتواء الشباب وتأهيلهم و توفير فرص العمل من خلال حلول “قديمة” استخدمها النظام السابق يستحيل تنفيذها في الوقت الراهن”.

وتشير محمد  إلى أن إعادة التجنيد الإلزامي يحتاج إلى مقومات كثيرة أبرزها وجود حكومة رصينة و إمكانيات مالية و لوجستية عالية و الأهم إشراف  إيادٍ أمينة على تنفيذ القانون إضافة إلى جهد ووقت طويلين.

وتضيف “ربط التجنيد بمسألة تعزيز الهوية الوطنية وتوطيد التعايش السلمي من خلال العسكرة منطق مرفوض فلا يمكن للفرد أن يتمسك بوطنه من خلال عسكرة إلزامية  بل العكس والدليل هو كره  الشعب للنظام السابق و ما خلفه من ذكريات بائسة في أذهان الجنود في الجيش العراقي السابق”.

وتتابع “إذا كانت الحكومة العراقية جادة وصادقة في اهتمامها بتعزيز الرابطة الوطنية بين الفرد والوطن عليها أن تمنحه كافة حقوقه الدستورية، وان تساوي بين أفراد الشعب وان تحترم عقولهم وما تنتجه من مواهب وانجازات وان تدعم القطاعات الحيوية  و تشغل المصانع والشركات الوطنية لاستقطاب الشباب.

ويرى بعض ممن استطلعت المنصة آرائهم من معارضي المشروع ان الحكومة لا يمكن ان تطلب من الشاب الذي يتحين الفرصة للهرب من العراق وهو يعاني من ضغوطات نفسية ومجتمعية وفقر وجهل أن يحمل السلاح ليدافع عن وطن لا يشعر بالانتماء الحقيقي له.

قبل عام 2003  كان نظام التجنيد الالزامي يطبق تحت عنوان “خدمة العلم”، وشهد العراق في تلك الحقبة العديد من الحروب التي راح ضحيتها آلاف العراقيين لتظل تلك الأحداث شاخصة في ذاكرة الناس حتى اليوم.

26/08/2019
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